Alzheimer’s mitochondrial theory.

“Researchers have developed new chemical tools for probing TAOK proteins, a little-studied family linked to Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological conditions. Credit: Shutterstock” (ScitechDaily, Researchers have developed new chemical tools for probing TAOK proteins, a little-studied family linked to Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological conditions. Credit: Shutterstock)

Could Alzheimer’s be some kind of autoimmune disease? 

The key role in Alzheimer’s.It is the plaque in the brain. There is a theory that when the plague starts to accumulate. The immune cells that try to remove that plaque accidentally damage the ion pumps. Of the neurons. In that case, the immune system withdraws. Because it gets a signal that it accidentally destroyed myelin. In that model, the chemical mark in the plague causes a situation. 

That immune system thinks that it's harmless. Or if the immune cells destroy the plague. They release the antibodies. That goes into the neurons. And those antibodies can damage neurons or their mitochondria. In that theory, Alzheimer’s is some kind of autoimmune disease. A little bit like rheumatism. There is a possibility. That immune cells start accidentally destroying myelin in the brain. 

But then to the theory. That. Alzheimer’s is a mitochondrial disease. 

Where does that malfunction begin? Does it begin in the cell membrane? Or does it begin in the mitochondrial membrane? And is that mitochondrial disease the reason, or a result of Alzheimer’s? The changes in PH. Causes damage to the DNA. But do those damages play a critical role in the beginning of the disease? Or do they just accelerate the process? 

If we think that Alzheimer’s is a metabolic disease that first decreases. The mitochondria’s ability to work. And finally blocks their ability to form energy for neurons. Which will block first? Ion pumps in the mitochondria’s membrane or the cell membrane? When the damage to the mitochondria is large enough. That causes the neuron’s death. 

There is a theory that maybe Alzheimer's is some kind of mitochondrial disease. There is a possibility that the disease starts in the mitochondrial ion pumps. In that case. The accumulation. Some of the metabolic products. In the neurons.Cause changes in the PH. Plaque in synapses prevents the neurotransmitter from traveling between neurons. That causes a situation. Where the temperature rises. And metabolic products accumulate. That causes a problem, especially in mitochondrial metabolism. 

When mitochondria create energy. It requires sugars in that operation. It also uses acids. Like pyruvic acid in that process. Mitochondria release. It's nutrient products. Into the cells. There, the cells carry them out of the cell through ion pumps. There are ion pumps on the membrane of the mitochondria. Those ion pumps handle mitochondrial metabolism. When the metabolic products start to accumulate. And mitochondria operate all the time. With full power. That causes damage in the cells. Ion pumps in the mitochondria’s membrane or the cell membrane? When the damage to the mitochondria is large enough. That causes the neuron’s death. 

“Scientists from Mount Sinai have provided fresh insights into the involvement of DNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). According to their study, DNA methylation.  Has a significant influence on the co-expression networks of genes and proteins. Related to AD. Consequently, this could potentially uncover novel neuropathological processes and molecular mechanisms. Ultimately resulting. In the development of innovative therapeutic interventions for Alzheimer’s disease. “(ScitechDaily, DNA Methylation Found to Play a Critical Role in Alzheimer’s Disease, Say Mount Sinai Researchers)

In this model, the metabolic products start to accumulate in brain tissue. When the brain cannot remove those products. In Alzheimer’s. The plaque starts to accumulate in axons. The axons cannot send messages through that plaque, which blocks the neurotransmitters. This causes a situation where neurons must. Start to act. With a stronger volume. When neurons must always use more power to get the message to travel through those axons and synapses. That means they must use more power. Their mitochondria start to work. With a higher force. This energy production causes heat. And that disturbs the proteins and enzymes. In that process, neurons require more nutrients. 

That means that those nutrients are away from the cells. Whose mission is to clean the metabolic products. When the temperature in the cells. It is high all the time. That can cause damage. In the mitochondria’s structure. The plague along with. Too high a temperature environment. Causes problems with the PH in the neuron. That affects the ion pumps. When the ion pump can no longer handle ions. The cell is without nutrients. Or when the PH turns too low. The mitochondria will collapse. In mitochondrial diseases, mitochondria cannot handle the nutrients that they need. In those cases, the mitochondrial ion pumps will be jammed. And that means mitochondria will not get enough nutrients. That causes. The death of the cell. 

https://scitechdaily.com/dna-methylation-found-to-play-a-critical-role-in-alzheimers-disease-say-mount-sinai-researchers/

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-uncover-a-hidden-alzheimers-target-and-create-the-first-tool-to-control-it/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568163725000595